Citation Select	ATTAIN-1 Trial Investigators; Wharton S, Aronne LJ, Stefanski A, Alfaris NF, Ciudin A, Yokote K, Halpern B, Shukla AP, Zhou C, Macpherson L, Allen SE, Ahmad NN, Klise SR Orforglipron, an Oral Small-Molecule GLP-1 Receptor Agonist for Obesity Treatment N Engl J Med. 2025 Sep 16. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2511774. Epub ahead of print
Citation Select	OASIS 4 Study Group; Wharton S, Lingvay I, Bogdanski P, Duque do Vale R, Jacob S, Karlsson T, Shaji C, Rubino D, Garvey WT Oral Semaglutide at a Dose of 25 mg in Adults with Overweight or Obesity N Engl J Med. 2025 Sep 18;393(11):1077-1087. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2500969
Citation Select	Semnani-Azad Z, Khan TA, Chiavaroli L, Chen V, Bhatt HA, Chen A, Chiang N, Oguntala J, Kabisch S, Lau DC, Wharton S, Sharma AM, Harris L, Leiter LA, Hill JO, Hu FB, Lean ME, Kahleová H, Rahelic D, Salas-Salvadó J, Kendall CW, Sievenpiper JL Intermittent fasting strategies and their effects on body weight and other cardiometabolic risk factors: systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomised clinical trials BMJ. 2025 Jun 18;389:e082007. doi: 10.1136/bmj-2024-082007
Citation Select	Hua Z, Yang S, Li J, Sun Y, Liao Y, Song S, Cheng S, Li Z, Li Z, Li D, Guo H, Yang H, Zheng Y, Li X Intermittent fasting for weight management and metabolic health: An updated comprehensive umbrella review of health outcomes Diabetes Obes Metab. 2025 Feb;27(2):920-932. doi: 10.1111/dom.16092
Citation Select	Rubino F, Cummings DE, Eckel RH, Cohen RV, Wilding JPH, Brown WA, Stanford FC, Batterham RL, Farooqi IS, Farpour-Lambert NJ, le Roux CW, Sattar N, Baur LA, Morrison KM, Misra A, Kadowaki T, Tham KW, Sumithran P, Garvey WT, Kirwan JP, Fernández-Real JM, Corkey BE, Toplak H, Kokkinos A, Kushner RF, Branca F, Valabhji J, Blüher M, Bornstein SR, Grill HJ, Ravussin E, et al Definition and diagnostic criteria of clinical obesity Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2025 Jan 9:S2213-8587(24)00316-4. doi: 10.1016/S2213-8587(24)00316-4
Citation Select	Simon Birk Kjær Jensen, Martin Bæk Blond, Rasmus Michael Sandsdal, Lisa Møller Olsen a, Christian Rimer Juhl a, Julie Rehné Lundgren a, Charlotte Janus a, Bente Merete Stallknecht, Jens Juul Holst, Sten Madsbad, Signe Sørensen Torekov Healthy weight loss maintenance with exercise, GLP-1 receptor agonist, or both combined followed by one year without treatment: a post-treatment analysis of a randomised placebo-controlled trial eClinical Medicine. 2024, in press. Doi: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.102475
Citation Select	SELECT Trial Investigators; Lincoff AM, Brown-Frandsen K, Colhoun HM, Deanfield J, Emerson SS, Esbjerg S, Hardt-Lindberg S, Hovingh GK, Kahn SE, Kushner RF, Lingvay I, Oral TK, Michelsen MM, Plutzky J, Tornøe CW, Ryan DH Semaglutide and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Obesity without Diabetes N Engl J Med. 2023 Nov 11. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2307563. Epub ahead of print
Citation Select	GZGI Investigators; Wharton S, Blevins T, Connery L, Rosenstock J, Raha S, Liu R, Ma X, Mather KJ, Haupt A, Robins D, Pratt E, Kazda C, Konig M Daily Oral GLP-1 Receptor Agonist Orforglipron for Adults with Obesity N Engl J Med. 2023 Sep 7;389(10):877-888. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2302392
Citation Select	Lundgren JR, Janus C, Jensen SBK, Juhl CR, Olsen LM, Christensen RM, Svane MS, Bandholm T, Bojsen-Møller KN, Blond MB, Jensen JB, Stallknecht BM, Holst JJ, Madsbad S, Torekov SS Healthy Weight Loss Maintenance with Exercise, Liraglutide, or Both Combined N Engl J Med. 2021 May 6;384(18):1719-1730. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2028198
Citation Select	N Engl J Med. 2021 Feb 10. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2032183. Epub ahead of print Once-Weekly Semaglutide in Adults with Overweight or Obesity N Engl J Med. 2021 Mar 18;384(11):989. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2032183
Citation Select	Villareal DT, Chode S, Parimi N, Sinacore DR, Hilton T, Armamento-Villareal R, Napoli N, Qualls C, Shah K Weight loss, exercise, or both and physical function in obese older adults N Engl J Med. 2011 Mar 31;364(13):1218-29
Citation Select	Romero-Corral A, Somers VK, Sierra-Johnson J, Korenfeld Y, Boarin S, Korinek J, Jensen MD, Parati G, Lopez-Jimenez F Normal weight obesity: a risk factor for cardiometabolic dysregulation and cardiovascular mortality Eur Heart J. 2010 Mar;31(6):737-46
Citation Select	Picot J, Jones J, Colquitt JL, Gospodarevskaya E, Loveman E, Baxter L, Clegg AJ The clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of bariatric (weight loss) surgery for obesity: a systematic review and economic evaluation Health Technol Assess. 2009 Sep;13(41):1-190, 215-357, iii-iv
Citation Select	Prospective Studies Collaboration, Whitlock G, Lewington S, Sherliker P, Clarke R, Emberson J, Halsey J, Qizilbash N, Collins R, Peto R Body-mass index and cause-specific mortality in 900 000 adults: collaborative analyses of 57 prospective studies Lancet. 2009 Mar 28;373(9669):1083-96
Citation Select	Dietary Intervention Randomized Controlled Trial (DIRECT) Group; Shai I, Schwarzfuchs D, Henkin Y, Shahar DR, Witkow S, Greenberg I, Golan R, Fraser D, Bolotin A, Vardi H, Tangi-Rozental O, Zuk-Ramot R, Sarusi B, Brickner D, Schwartz Z, Sheiner E, Marko R, Katorza E, Thiery J, Fiedler GM, Blüher M, Stumvoll M, Stampfer MJ Weight loss with a low-carbohydrate, Mediterranean, or low-fat diet N Engl J Med. 2008 Jul 17;359(3):229-41
Citation Select	Pedersen SD, Kang J, Kline GA Portion control plate for weight loss in obese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a controlled clinical trial Arch Intern Med. 2007 Jun 25;167(12):1277-83
Citation Select	Gardner CD, Kiazand A, Alhassan S, Kim S, Stafford RS, Balise RR, Kraemer HC, King AC Comparison of the Atkins, Zone, Ornish, and LEARN diets for change in weight and related risk factors among overweight premenopausal women: the A TO Z Weight Loss Study: a randomized trial JAMA. 2007 Mar 7;297(9):969-77
Citation Select	Jee SH, Sull JW, Park J, Lee SY, Ohrr H, Guallar E, Samet JM Body-mass index and mortality in Korean men and women N Engl J Med. 2006 Aug 24;355(8):779-87. Epub 2006 Aug 22
Citation Select	Adams KF, Schatzkin A, Harris TB, Kipnis V, Mouw T, Ballard-Barbash R, Hollenbeck A, Leitzmann MF Overweight, obesity, and mortality in a large prospective cohort of persons 50 to 71 years old N Engl J Med. 2006 Aug 24;355(8):763-78. Epub 2006 Aug 22
Citation Select	O,Brien PE, Dixon JB, Laurie C, Skinner S, Proietto J, McNeil J, Strauss B, Marks S, Schachter L, Chapman L, Anderson M Treatment of mild to moderate obesity with laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding or an intensive medical program: a randomized trial Ann Intern Med. 2006 May 2;144(9):625-33
Citation Select	Rimonabant in Obesity-Lipids Study Group; Despres JP, Golay A, Sjostrom L Effects of rimonabant on metabolic risk factors in overweight patients with dyslipidemia N Engl J Med. 2005 Nov 17;353(20):2121-34
Citation Select	Wadden TA, Berkowitz RI, Womble LG, Sarwer DB, Phelan S, Cato RK, Hesson LA, Osei SY, Kaplan R, Stunkard AJ Randomized trial of lifestyle modification and pharmacotherapy for obesity N Engl J Med. 2005 Nov 17;353(20):2111-20
Citation Select	Levine JA, Lanningham-Foster LM, McCrady SK, Krizan AC, Olson LR, Kane PH, Jensen MD, Clark MM Interindividual variation in posture allocation: possible role in human obesity Science. 2005 Jan 28;307(5709):584-6
Citation Select	Peeters A, et al. NEDCOM, the Netherlands Epidemiology and Demography Compression of Morbidity Research Group Obesity in adulthood and its consequences for life expectancy: a life-table analysis Ann Intern Med. 2003 Jan 7;138(1):24-32